Tax Brackets and Rates Overview

What are federal income tax brackets and rates is answered here.

Calculate your personal effective tax rate by tax bracket based on your income per tax year
Federal Tax Brackets for 2022, 2023 and 2024
Rates, brackets for tax years 2021, 2020 and before
State income tax rates and brackets
Income Tax Rates for 2025 and later

You can calculate your personal tax rates and brackets by Tax Year to plan your return. The tax return due date is on April 18, 2023; use the RATEucator to understand your taxes before you eFileIT by Tax Day. Below are the tax rates and brackets for the current year as well as previous tax years or back taxes. Keep up with other tax changes as they occur each year.

An brief overview on tax brackets and income tax rates

A tax rate - sometimes referred to by taxpayers as federal withholding tax rate - is the percentage at which taxes are paid on a dollar of income.
A tax bracket is a range of income amounts that are taxed at a particular rate. Each filing status has its own tax bracket, but the rates are the same for all filing statuses. Most of us pay income taxes across several tax brackets which is what makes our tax system "progressive."
Estimate your taxes now by tax year, tax rate and brackets with the eFile.com RATEucator tax calculator.
Before you e-file your taxes, use these simple and free tax calculators that help you optimize your personal taxes.

Calculate ALL state income taxes by tax rate, income, filing status, and more. We at eFile.com have been hard at work developing a tax calculator for all states with income taxes. Select your state from the table and enter your filing status, number of dependents, and annual taxable income; you can also enter federal and state deductions for more accurate results. Know what your state taxes may look like before you eFileIT! Did you know that only on eFile.com can you prepare multiple state returns for one low price, not per price? Start free and pay only when you are satisfied with your return; IT's that simple.

Calculate your IRS tax rate | Calculate your state tax rate

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Marginal or Effective Income Tax Rate

When someone asks what tax bracket you fall into, they generally want to know your "marginal tax rate." This is the tax bracket that your last dollar of income falls into and therefore the highest tax rate you pay.

If your marginal tax rate is 25%, for example, that doesn't mean that ALL of your income is taxed at 25%. Income is actually taxed at different rates; here's how it works:

As an example, if your 2022 income is $40,000 and your filing status is single, your first $10,275 will be taxed at 10%. Every dollar from $10,276 to $41,775 will be taxed at $1,027 (10% of $10,275) plus 12% within the bracket (in this case, around $3,800). This pattern continues as your income grows, adding the taxable amount within each bracket to the next highest threshold. Keep in mind, your standard deduction will be deducted automatically from your taxable income.

If you added the taxes that you pay on each portion of your income, divide it by your total income, and then multiply by 100, you would get your "effective tax rate." This is the actual rate you pay on your taxes, regardless of your marginal tax rate. Our tax rate calculator does this for you.

Did you know? The highest tax rate for United States federal taxes is 37% which applies to the top income earners while the lowest IRS tax rate is 10% - see the details below. View the states with the highest and lowest tax rates plus the most tax friendly states to retire in.

2022 Tax Brackets,
Personal Rates

2022 Taxpayer Case Study for Tax Rate and Bracket Calculation

Take a look at this case study as it demonstrates how IRS taxes are calculated by income tax bracket. For more state related tax rate information, select your state(s). Your income is taxed at a fixed rate for all income within certain brackets. As your income exceeds a bracket, the next portion of income is taxed at the next bracket, and so on.

Taxpayer Name: Elizabeth Filing Status: Single Annual Income: $60,000 | Taxable Income: $47,050
IRS Taxes Due: $5968.00 Effective Tax Rate: 12.68%

Taxes

Income Bracket

Income / Tax Rate

$1,027.50

$0 - $10,275

$10,275 / 10%

$3,780.00

$10,276 - $41,775

$31,500 / 12%

$1,160.50

$41,776 - $89,075

$5,275 / 22%

Total taxes calculated over three income tax brackets
and tax rates resulting in an Effective Tax Rate

$5,968.00

Three Tax Brackets

$60,000 / 12.68%

When you prepare your tax return online with eFile.com, we apply the correct tax rates and do all the math for you while guaranteeing 100% accuracy based on your entries. See more benefits of using eFile.com. For a more detailed estimate of your taxes, use our free 2022 Tax Refund estimator or calculator.

See the tax rate schedules listed below by tax year. Find your tax return filing status and compare you income to the amounts listed to find your marginal tax rate.

Below are income tax bracket and rate tables links by tax year. You can calculate your personal income tax rates with the eFile.com RATEucator by tax year.

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